CNC turning, as a precise subtractive manufacturing technology, relies on computer-controlled lathes to accurately process various materials into cylindrical parts. Engineers use CAD software to construct a three-dimensional model of the part, and then convert the design scheme into instruction codes that can be recognized by CNC machines through CAM software. During the production process, technicians will install the appropriate cutting tools and firmly clamp the cylindrical workpiece in the machine's chuck. The chuck will drive the workpiece to rotate continuously, laying the foundation for subsequent processing. When the machine starts running, the high-speed rotating workpiece and the cutting tools that move flexibly along multiple axes work in coordination, and carry out cutting and shaping of the material strictly in accordance with the parameters set in the program. During the processing, operations such as facing, threading, knurling, and drilling can be completed. To ensure the processing quality, coolant is usually sprayed to reduce the cutting temperature and remove the machining chips. After the processing procedures are completed, the parts still need to go through fine treatments such as sanding and polishing to further improve the surface quality. Finally, through strict dimensional measurement and precision inspection, it is ensured that all parameters of the parts fully meet the tolerance requirements. With the remarkable advantages of high precision and high repeatability, CNC turning has become an ideal choice for efficiently producing complex and precision parts